U PUMP

STATIC VERSUS
DYNAMIC

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• Static pressure of h1 opposes the dynamic pressure created by the accelerated liquid at orifice 2.

• Volume of liquid passing through the orifice O1 equals volume of liquid passing the orifice O2.

• In case of the static pressure of h1, gravitational attraction does no work on that liquid column as that column is not allowed to accelerate out of the O2. Therefore, no energy from the gravitational field is imparted to that static liquid column.

• Gravitation constantly accelerates the free fall liquid between O1 and O2, therefore it is constantly yielding its energy to that part of the liquid performing work.

• This work is translated from the free fall liquid column into the static constant volume and has to be translated elsewhere.

• While the free fall column is passing through O2 into the constant volume, it creates suction around itself, which is part of the cause of the turbulence around the free fall liquid flow just beneath and around O2. This redirects the upward static pressure from h1 towards the least pressure area, that is away from the direct opposition of the free fall flow at O2. This actually supports the penetration of the free fall column into the constant volume.

• This vector of opposition is redirected by the turbulence of the donut, that it partially supports the penetration of the free fall column into the constant liquid volume, rather than strictly opposing it.

• Therefore, the combined vector force at the sides of the O2 is more or less downward, rather than upward or even orthogonal to the velocity v1.

• While the liquid within the constant volume is moving up, the total level in that column remains unchanged. No liquid is being lifted above the level at the overflow. This means that the static column is in constant motion upwards, but no water is being lifted up. It just flows up. Therefore no work, except for what is lost in friction, is performed on the motion of the constant volume liquid column.

• Therefore, we have a system where energy is being constantly extracted from the gravitational field and translated into the acceleration of the free fall liquid column, while no energy is given back into the gravitational field through lifting of the constant volume column. The upward motion within the constant volume column is a steady motion of lets say a flywheel. This is a perpetual motion machine with energy to be spared for grabs.

• The only work, which goes back into the gravitational field, comes from the lifting of the pumped volume. The pumped volume is drawn by and into the free fall column at O2 and really lifted, therefore work is being translated from the free fall column into the pumped volume.

This is standard physics presented in non standard manner. The potential energy is replaced by the dynamic energy of gravitational field. This energy can be extracted in quite a few ways and this is so far the simplest I could come up with.
The correlation with the Bessel hammer wheel is obvious. Bessel did not build overbalanced wheel. He built a wheel where hammers inside the contraption are allowed to free fall part of the down motion and get caught ba a catch at the bottom against a spring. The spring then pushed the wheel itself. He loaded the free fall energy into the springs and the springs pushed the wheel keeping it constantly moving. The disadvantage of that system is, that the hammers had to be lifted again, so a lot of the free fall energy re-circulated within the wheel system. Yet, there was enough left for the system to spin.
The reason behind that is, that gravitation will yield more energy into the acceleration of a given mass over a specified vertical distance and time, than it will take back when that same mass is only lifted at a relatively slow constant speed.